clang -cc1 and system includes

Question

I have the following file foo.cpp:

#include <vector>

struct MyClass
{
  std::vector<int> v;
};

It can be successfully compiled with clang (I'm using clang 3.3 on Ubuntu 13.04 32bit):

clang++ -c foo.cpp

Now I want to print AST:

clang++ -cc1 -ast-print foo.cpp

and I've got the following error

foo.cpp:1:10: fatal error: 'vector' file not found
#include <vector>
         ^
struct MyClass {
};
1 error generated.

It looks like clang++ -cc1 doesn't know about system include files etc. I'm wondering how to set up includes for clang++ -cc1?

Answer 1

@john is correct. For posterity, the relevant portions of the FAQ are (with names tweaked to match the question) :

clang -cc1 is the frontend, clang is the driver. The driver invokes the frontend with options appropriate for your system. To see these options, run:

$ clang++ -### -c foo.cpp

Some clang command line options are driver-only options, some are frontend-only options. Frontend-only options are intended to be used only by clang developers. Users should not run clang -cc1 directly, because -cc1 options are not guaranteed to be stable.

If you want to use a frontend-only option (“a -cc1 option”), for example -ast-dump, then you need to take the clang -cc1 line generated by the driver and add the option you need. Alternatively, you can run clang -Xclang <option> ... to force the driver [to] pass <option> to clang -cc1.

I did the latter (-Xclang) for emitting precompiled headers:

/usr/bin/clang++ -x c++-header foo.hpp -Xclang -emit-pch -o foo.hpp.pch <other options>
                                       ^^^^^^^

Without the -Xclang, clang++ ignored the -emit-pch. When I tried -cc1, I had the same problem as the OP — clang++ accepted -emit-pch but didn't have the other options the driver normally provides.

Answer 2

It's a Frequently Asked Question